Write an illustrated essay outlining all the ways possible to consume and produce films, with advantages and disadvantages. 

In the world's modern day society, the latest technology allows people to consume and produce films in a variety of ways using a range of methods. Technological convergence, which is the combining or merging of more than one piece of technology into a single device, is an example of how the platforms in which films can be consumed is proliferating. For example, the modern technology has developed to create phones which introduce cameras to this software, allowing people access to filming with the camera and viewing it over on the screen of the smartphone. This is a perfect example of the Proliferation of Hardware, The rapid increase in the number of available technology. The Proliferation of Hardware allows films to be consumed in various ways such as phones, laptops, tv's etc.. which are all available within the comfort of the calm environment of home. Both increasing the availability and consumption of films.

 Previous generations weren't able to view films consistently as they were required to wait until the film comes out in the cinema and if they wished to watch it again they would have to visit the cinema repetitive times. However eventually the DVD was introduced in 1995, which allowed constant film availability. Gradually, Technological convergence developed further as devices were introduced that allowed DVD's to be played. Initially DVD player's and then progressing to games consoles and PC's. Advantages of these devices is that the experience of consuming films was improved as they were then continuously available in better quality within home comfort.  However, the down side to this is that there is still a period of time to wait for the availability of DVD's as they're release a while after the initial viewings of the film. Films are also available on the internet through websites that steam or display or provide illegal downloads for new films closer to there release date, reducing the initial issue with having to wait a long period of time to watch a film again. Also these are usually free of charge which is considerably convenient to the viewers but this will then cause a struggle for distribution and exhibition companies as people will be seeking the different methods with a lower cost. Devices such as Phones and computers allow people to watch films anywhere at any time as long as they have connection to the internet. However the viewers are partaking in a risk when watching illegal downloads as they then could be prosecuted due to this activity. To prevent this risk legal websites such as Netflix were introduced to provide audiences with similar outcomes, however the downside to these sorts of websites is that a membership needs to be allocated which requires a monthly payment in order to gain access to the provided services.  Also networks such as iTunes, Apple's digital store or even Sky Box Office sell a wide range of movies, priced cheaper than DVD retail prices. However, the negative aspect of this technology is that the majority of the films provided will  rentals and can only be viewed consistently over a specific period of time. 

It is commonly implied that due to the proliferation of hardware the interest in cinema's has declined. However, this is misleading as statistics illustrate that over the past years, cinema admissions have been rising. The cinema still gains huge interest through the overall experience of the cinema, including the extremely large screens and good quality sound systems. Making the audience feel as close to the action as possible. This approach has been enhanced through the introduction of 3D and 4D screenings where the viewers seats move and vibrate accordingly to the events taking place on the screen. However, the downfall to this approach is that the increase in ticket prices could in fact repel some interest. Interest could also be effected by the introduction of 3D TV's and DVD's which could be considered to provide similar satisfaction. Unlike cinemas, by using DVD's and websites on these adapted TV's, the latest films can be viewed at come at minimal cost through methods mentioned earlier in the essay.

The technological convergence of smartphones can be considered as seemingly convenient in recording media. However the majority of smartphones don't have very good quality cameras. Due to this the creation of a digital or DSLR camera has improved the ability the successfully record media. Cameras allow users to capture media very well and can be made to withstand a tougher conditions than smartphones. New digital cameras provide tthe element to film in full 1080p HD quality, therefore producing a very high quality film. Other cameras have also been modified with the availabilty of wifi, therefore leading to internet connection and allows the producers to share their work with others through the use of social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Instagram ect.The main downfall to these cameras is that the professional devices can be bought but at a very expensive cost.

Disney

The Walt Disney Company, other known as Disney, is an American multinational mass media corporation which was founded on October 16, 1923, by Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio. The company produces a variety of media and physical products such as films, TV shows, music, theme parks and radio products.  It is now the world's second largest broadcasting and cable company in terms of revenue, after Comcast.

Disney was founded by 'The Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio' other known as the brothers Walt and Roy O. on October 16th 1923. Walt Disney began creating an animated series, named 'Alice Comedies', along side with the help of Ub Iwerks who was also an animator. As the popularity of this series faded, Walt ad Iwerks invented a new animated cartoon character Oswald the Lucky Rabbit which was immensely successful in 1928 which was a pivotal moment as they had the rights stolen off of them, minimising any profits. Only until 2006 Disney managed to regain the rights to this character. Following this, Walt designed two unique mouse characters which were name Micky and Minnie. The film 'Steamboat Willie' featured the charater of Micky and was released in 1928 through Pat Powers distribution company. Disney furthered their progression started pushing the boundries  with the first production of an animated feature length film in 1934. The film took 3 years to make and 'Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs' first screened in December 1937 and became highest-grossing film of that time by 1939. The film was released through RKO Radio Pictures.  After a period of development and success the couple, Walt initiated the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio with his brother. Establishing itself as the leading American animation company before dividing into live-action film production, television and theme park. After various name changes in 1986 The Walt Disney Company was assigned to the company after Walts death and still remains a major successor in the modern day.

In 1954 Walt conceived the idea of Disneyland through his desire for a location suitable for both children and parents. The first Disney attraction theme park was built and created in 1955, in California, accompanied by a live television broadcast. Followed by other theme parks being built worldwide in places such as Paris, Florida, Tokyo, Hong Kong and Shanghai which is the most recent, built in 2015. Disneyland has the most substantial cumulative attendance worldwide, summing to over 650 million visitors since it opened. However, Walt Disney never saw the majority of these theme parks finished as he sadly passed away in 1966, and Roy O. Disney took over as chairman, CEO, and president of the company. 

An aspect of Disney which was successfully introduced was television. They were allocated their own channel called 'The Disney Channel' which was first screened in 1983. Initially, Disney Channel was mainly aimed towards family audiences, however they adapted and widened their marketed audience in the 1990's to suit more youthful viewers and later suiting teens. Additional channels such as Disney Channel Junior was used to satisfy its viewers around the ages 2-7. Disney XD was also introduced in order to cater for their slightly more mature audiences targeting children around the ages of 7-14. In doing so, gaining a wider audience as and an even interest with each channel and leading to more success. The most successful featured programmes in terms of feedback and ratings are Even Stevens, That's So Raven and The Suit Life of Zack and Cody.

Another aspect which Disney is dominantly know for is family movies, which are seemingly educational as they're engraved with life teachings and morals for younger audiences whilst still remaining entertaining for older generations.A staggering 492 titles has been created and many have resulted in high gross. A recent example of this is the release of Frozen which was created by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures in 2013.  The film has a gross of $1,279,852,693 and was amazingly successful, however many companies collaborated with Disney in order for this to happen. An example of this is Youtube as the official trailers were released and advertised through YouTube and the music video for the song 'Let It Go' featured in the film had over 350 million views. Another company that has contributed the popularity of Frozen was therefore partly responsible for its huge income and interest was Apple through the use of it's iTunes store, containing 800,000,000 customer accounts. The film Frozen involves several songs throughout its narrative but the most  famous being 'Let it Go'. Disney granted iTunes permission to sell, advertise and distribute a number of these song which were successful in raising the awareness and popularity of the film. 'Let It Go' accumulated over 3,000,000 and reached the top end of the music charts worldwide. 

Furthermore, one of the most important forms of marketing used to promote the film is merchandise. Disney collaborated with major retail companies such as Hasbro, selling the rights to the company to make the frozen toys. Now producing a range of dolls created based on the characters from the film. They have even produced costumes that the characters wear in the film that can be purchased in the store of online. Apart from Disney promoting and advertising their ow products they also collaborated with Japanese company 'Secret Honey' by 'Honey Bunch' to create Frozen themed clothing ranges. This consisted of casual wear as well as replica dresses from the film that can be purchased online or in store. 

Ill Manors - Marketing and Promotion

Ill Manors is a British crime film written and directed by the music artist Plan B. It was released on June 6th 2012; budgeted at and estimated £100,000 and was surprisingly successful despite its significantly low budget. The films overall box office income reached a total on £451,000, multiplying the original budget by a staggering four times. The film relied significantly on the marketing and promotion techniques in order to gain the immense success it eventually received.

The film was seemingly unique in relation to the amount of publicity it received before it was actually released. Plan B, being as musician, was an established artist and had secured large fan base who followed his music. Before the film was created, he released an album named Ill manors which reach the UK's no. 1 in the charts for a period of time. This was also very convenient in presenting aspects of the upcoming film as the music video for his songs where filmed and created in the same locations as the film. The album was later complimented by the film which also provided further promotion for Plan B's album as it featured throughout. This supplied a platform for the film and an astounding quantity of attention to the film even in the early stages of production as the awareness rocketed due to the already established popularity of Plan B. This was also very effective in attracting a specific audience of people who were interested in his music. 

Social media, networking and websites were very influential in promoting the film, as due to the very low budget of £100,000, a small portion would be available for marketing and promotion. So the social media were very effective as despite the fact that they have no cost to make and run, they result in a significant increase in popularity and awareness worldwide. Networking such as Facebook, which gained 31,609 likes and Twitter which credited 3,668 followers were used as well as their unique introduction of the film website www.illmanors.com to display the posters, trailers and exclusive context and gain access to fan/audience interaction. Allowing them to answer and questions and queries in regards to the upcoming film. Also competitions were used on their pages to increase the popularity as people would enter to win a chance to tickets to see the film. Additionally, by using social networking, it is much more success to contact and reach their main targeted audience of young adults and receive responses and feedback from them. Resulting in the film to recognise the strong aspects and weaker aspects of the film, allowing them to alter and editing any specific parts which cause any queries. Therefore suiting the film to this particular audience.

Another promotional technique which was attributed to the film was the use of posters which were published in order to raise the awareness and profile of the film. This technique is seemingly effective as despite its subtle production, it provides the audience with a limited insight and understanding of the nature and context of the film. Overall eight posters where produced, illustrating an urban location/theme of a city and also displaying one of the main actors holding a gun which conveys the genre very effective providing a gritty/grime feel. These posters also encapsulated reviews of other companies, allowing the audience to gain knowledge of the success of the film. The result in this technique is that a much wider audience is reached as the poster were distributed from billboards in central  London to magazines, visible to millions of people per day.

In May 2012, another technique was used through the release of the films trailer which lasted one minute 45 seconds. The trailer is a very effective technique in providing further insight to the context of the film including clips form the film. Throughout the trailer a soundtrack is used which is recognisably Plan B's music. The trailer provides a clear overall feel/perspective surrounding the film, exploring themes of drugs, crime and violence. The main characters (assumed) are displayed in the trailer to be located in an urban location of a city, causing a presumptuous atmosphere surrounding the film due to paradigms of society in London. The trailer also has a specifically persuasive element as it included several reviews from a variety of credible sources.

The film also entered several film festivals which once again has minimal cost and also boosted the awareness of the up coming film further. It featured in festivals all around the world, entering prestigious festivals such as the Toronto International Film Festival 2012 Official Selection Vanguard, Festival do Rio 2012 Official Selection, Stockholm Film Festival 2012, Zagreb Film Festival 2012. Ill manors also triumphed in other specific competitions, deserving the awards of being winner of Prix Coup de Coeur Award Dinard Film Festival 2012 and winner of The Technicolor Award for Best Cinematography Dinard Film Festival 2012. On May 30th 2012, Ill Manors premier was released in London, where the film's actors and countless celebrities such as Alesha Dixon, Tinie Tempah and Ed Sheeran were interviewed and walked the red carpet and in time viewed the first official screening of the film. This resulted in great publicity and attraction as many press and critics travelled to London in anticipation of their reactions on the film, later publicised the following day.

Furthermore, despite the films very low marketing budget, many effective marketing and promotion techniques where used that had either low cost or free of charge. Despite the insufficient budget, the film was successfully promoted and gained great publicity, awareness and popularity through the social media which was encouraged by Plan B's original fan base.

The Avengers - Marketing

Marvels The Avengers, one of the most successfully grossing films, was released May 4th 2012. One of the main feature which contributed to the films success was due to the increase of 3D admission prices, almost increasing it by double of standard cinema tickets. The film had an extensive marketing campaign that began well before the film was made due to the original comics. Films such as Thor, Captain America, The Incredibly Hulk and Iron Man were already made and the main characters of each of these films collaborated together to form The Avengers.

Trailers play a vital role in marketing and promoting films as they allow millions of audiences worldwide to view a video which provides an exciting insight to what to expect from the upcoming film. The Avengers was promoted at the San Diego Comic-Con in 2010 where a short trailer was exhibited to tease the audience and was narrated by the worldwide known figure of Samuel L. Jackson. However, at the next Comic-Con, Marvel didn't participate in the event as they were unprepared and un-confident as the production of the film was incomplete. Here, they missed out to gain a major following where hundreds of thousands of people visited the event every year. In 2011, a teaser trailer was shown during the credits at the end of the new Captain America movie which intrigued a large audience who were later pleased in the year as the official 2 minute trailer was released.

Marvel promoted the trailer on iTunes and was downloaded over 10 million times within the first 24 hours, showing the audiences extreme interest and excitement. Marvel also took to social networking creating accounts on networking such as Twitter and Facebook where they would interact with fans and post the trailer for everyone to view. Another website Marvel used was Youtube where they posted their trailer and the views rocketed sky high and amounted to an astonishing 40 million views. They also included 30 second adverts placed between videos to keep the interest and advertisement constant and consistent.  Marvel used the modern technology of television to present a 30 second trailer played during the most watched sporting event in America, the Superbowl. The advert was displayed to ever 120 million viewers which increase the interest and acknowledgement significantly. This cost the company $4 million which is a significant setback but the following increased interest paid off extremely well for the film and covered any spendings.  They  invested in further advertisement on many social networking, posters, comic books ect. where the interest reached a wider audience as gradually more insight to the film was being released and attracting much more attention and engagement and aspiration to watch the film. 

Marvel also began a chain of partnerships between other major brands in order to promote the film. A beneficial example of this was their partnership with Acura cars where both companies profited. Characters such as Tony Stark were being seen driving these cars so then allowing an increase in interest for the car company, but also the advertisement produced on the cars were being seen by a much wider audience on people on the roads and therefore increasing the awareness of the film.

Representation of Sexuality

In this clip, extracted from the TV programme Fingersmith, sexuality is presented through the use of a range of techniques associated with camera work, sound, mise-en-scene and editing. In this essay I will analyse the ways in which the three characters' sexuality in displayed.

In the opening scene a long shot is used to introduce two female characters, Maud and Sue. Here the two characters are presented to be rather feminine through the use of costume as both females are wearing dresses. This long shot then quickly cuts to a two shot where Maud (behind) is displayed to be holding up a dress in front of Sue. This two shot presents Maud to be comfortable with physical contact with others which is shown through her body language. She is shown to be resting her hands on the shoulders of Sue, therefore implying that they have a close bond/relationship. However, Maud only looks directly at Sue when Sue stops making eye contact, perhaps presenting Maud to feel awkward or uneasy. Following this, a non-diegetic narrator is used which seems to be coming from Maud begins saying 'she looked so beautiful' and a second or two later and background piano soundtrack is introduced and could be considered to suggest that Maud has some sort of emotional attraction towards Sue. The emotional connection between the two characters is shown through the pace of this shot which is very slow as it is held for 10 seconds. Perhaps intending to emphasise that this moment is significant. It could also be considered to imply deep emotional thought as everything is very slow and fluent. The shot then cuts into another two shot of the two characters through a reflection of a mirror but once again positioning Maud behind Sue in the composition. Maud's body language is further enhanced in this shot and is displayed to be rather serious through her expressionless facial expressions. Portraying she is in deep thought at this time. This behaviour is quite unusual as most women would be happy and excited in this particular situation. The shot the cuts back to the original where Sue states 'oh my goodness miss.. I look like a real lady'. Maud's sexuality could perhaps be presented through her facial expressions at this point as they remain emotionless which could be in reaction to the words 'real lady'. This could present her to be opposing the traditional heterosexual stereotype of women as throughout the scene she is seen to be seemingly uncomfortable in the situation.

After this, there is a dissolve used where the audience sees a mid shot of Maud on her own, once again seeming to be in rather deep thought, shown through her facial expressions looking rather confused or in thought, perhaps thinking about the previous events. Gradually causing the audience to get a better understanding of her sexuality. This shot then dissolves once again into a long shot of the two characters in bed which each other, Sue is asleep whereas Maud is awake watching over her. There is a slow camera movement towards the two. The use of low key lighting and the setting/props of a bedroom sets a calm peaceful and rather romantic atmosphere. This could be considered to portray Maud's affection towards Sue. Maud's affection towards Sue is defined in this scene where she positions her hand just above her body as though she wishes to touch it. She runs her hands over rather sexual parts of the body, starting at the breast and ending at the crotch, implying that she possesses a sexual desire in towards Sue. Once again the pace of the scene is very slow and the camera movement acquired to this shot intensifies the action taking place and suggests that she should't be doing so. This impression is furthered through the use of the costume of a glove which implies that her feelings towards Sue are forbidden and demonstrates how she has to prevent herself from making it public.

In the next scene, Maud is shown to be painting Sue through a series of close ups and then a long/establishing shot which displays a new calm neutral setting of a lake. This feel is furthered through the diegetic sound of birds tweeting which employ a calm and relaxed atmosphere. As Maud continues her painting a new character is introduced through a long shot and then a close up is used to demonstrate the man interrupting her proceedings by grabbing her hand and saying 'she must think we love one another'. His action and body language conform to the masculine heterosexual stereotype of men as he attempts to show his dominance. Additionally, Maud says to the man 'wake her, she'll burn" which clearly shows that she cares about Sue's health and feels the need to take responsibility for her. The man then reassures his dominance and sexuality by telling Maud to 'shh'. A shot reverse shot sequence, including close ups of Sue's breasts and hands on her lap and also close up reaction shots acquired to Maud. Implying themes of a very sexual nature as she once again shows he desires towards Sue. After this a sequence of close up action matches of paint dripping onto Maud's dress, the dripping of the paint has been slowed down and therefore intensifies the action. The dripping and slow pace is caused by Maud being distracted by admiring Sue, emphasising her attraction towards her. From this point onward the pace of the scene increases and the man becomes seemingly aggressive and violent which is displayed through his body language of holding Maud by her throat. This once again reinforces the man to be particularly dominant and heterosexual. As the two character converse the man says 'she'd laugh in your face if she knew' which implies that he knows that Maud has feelings for Sue and thereofore presenting homosexuality as something which is frowned up on.

In the denouement of the clip Maud refuses to kiss the man and denies him the opportunity to do so by turning away, showing her cheek and therefore defines her status as a lesbian. Demonstrating that she is accepting her sexuality and therefore resulting in confronting the stereotype given to women. In this scene the pace once again decrease down to a slow pace to emphasise the intensity of the situation of the man kneeling before kissing her hand and therefore exemplifying Maud's uncomforted.

Representation on Ethnicity

In the TV programme Hotel Babylon, ethnicity is presented in various ways to show different ethnic groups. In this essay I will be analysing the techniques used in the text to imply the specific stereotypes given to specific ethnic groups. This will be in relation to camera work, mise-en-scene, sound and editing.

To initiate the opening scene, a long shot tracking the movement of a black male employee assisting a guest. This tracking shot presents the costume of the character as being in very smart/formal attire by him wearing a suit.This costume implies that the male takes pride in his smart/groomed appearance which opposes the perspective given to his ethnic group (young black males) as they are stereotypically not as well presented than British males. We can also recognise the body language of the character as he seems polite and has good etiquette; demonstrated through the dialogue acquired to him, here he says "thank you very much" and "hello". This dialogue presents his accent ad the way he speaks which is rather educated and well mannered. A further out long shot is then used to establish the location of a hotel and therefore allow the audience to familiarise them self with the males workplace. Presenting the black male to oppose the stereotype given to his ethnic group through the use of smart costume, well mannered body language and an educated accent. A new character is then introduced through an over the shoulder shot. This shot shows a character which represents the stereotypical male of the same ethnic group as the previous. This impression is displayed further through the use of dialogue and regional dialect/idiolect. Throughout the dialogue exchanged between the two, displayed by a sequence of over the shoulder shots and shot reverse shot, he uses slang phrases such as "ganja", "bro", "blood", "bredrin", "booze" etc. and it is evident that all he is interested in is girls and partying. Implying that his aspirations on life is somewhat opposite to the employee. The young man's ethnicity is also through the visible appearance and body language. A side on two shot shows the man to be wearing baggy shorts and the series of over the shoulder shots displays him to be wearing diamond jewellery such as ear ring and a necklace. His hair is also messy and un-groomed in the style of dread locks. The appearance further relates to his mentioning of "ganja" and could present him to be a crew member or even a drug dealer. Overall, these two characters present both sides of their ethnic group, one conforming to the stereotype and the other confronting it.

In the next scene, a tilt is used to introduce two foreign females, making clear of what their occupations are. This tilt shows the the women in maid costumes and also shows off the props off carts. Dialogue between the two is shared and they both seem to have eastern European accents which initiate the ethnicity of the two characters. The job of a maid is usually low paid and stereotypically occupied by eastern Europeans as they come over to the UK for job opportunities. A close up of a card showing "please service" with two red aster-ix. This is accompanied with dialogue where the woman states "He pays double for double." referring to the girls. This presents the ethnic group of eastern Europeans where they carry out certain jobs to get money, whether it be a formal job or someone paying for their "service". Then a tense non-diegetic background soundtrack is introduced which implies that they are doing something they shouldn't be. After this a long shot of an Asian man sat on his bed. This shot also displays his costume of just wearing a dressing gown. A close up of he prop of money on the side corresponds to the earlier dialogue, supporting the stereotype that eastern Europeans are relatively poor and willing to carrying out manual labour and other activities. However, one of the females appears to be seemingly uncomfortable, shown through close ups of facial expressions/reaction shots and long shot which demonstrate her timid and shy body language. She then runs out saying "sorry.. I cant". Therefore, perhaps implying that she may confront the stereotype as she is not used to the behaviour of stripping and does no feel comfortable.

Towards the end of the text, the setting once again changes to be in a kitchen where the pace of the video increases. Many props are used through tracking shots and close ups of specific items such as a knife. In this scene a mid shot is used to display a man in a stereotypical chef attire. He then converses with other and it becomes apparent that his accent is of a foreign country (Italy) and uses words such as "madame". The chef is then considered as part of an Italian ethnic group, therefore resulting in stereotypes being applied to him. The association with Italians and food is significant and suggests that being a chef is specific to people of this particular ethnicity. Italians are also perceived to be relatively interactive and physical. This "touchy feely" attitude is visible through mid shots and two shots where his body language towards others is displayed by grabbing his "old friends" and kissing them on the head.

Question 2

Audiences are adapting and changing the way they consume media and the 
nature of audience consumption has now differentiated. An increase in the qualityof technology has occurred and also an increase in the amount of people who own TV's, Bluray players and computers as also taken place considerably. This increases the opportunities for people to watch films on a variety of sources, 
therefore resulting in lesser use of the cinema.

     Personally, when I was younger I used to visit the cinema on a weekly basis 

and got a thrill of going there. Even to this day I thoroughly enjoy the overall 

experience of the cinema. The sheer size of the television adds a completely new dimension to watching films as things are so much more entertaining and interested on a larger screen. Also the atmosphere in the screenings are considerably tense, depending on the film you see, but when a certain event happens and a 

specific reaction is provoked, this reaction can spread from one person to the 

whole audience. However, due to an increase in ticket costs and the extortionate 

prices of products on sale such as food and drink, my visits to the cinema have 

decreased and these visits are considered more of a treat. 

     Exhibition companies (cinemas) have added new aspects to the experience of watching a film in order to attract the audiences making the experience more 

appealing. Cinemas have introduced technology such a 3D screenings which 

attracts a wider audiences. From my point of view 3D screenings are one of the 

best ways to watch a film is it allows the audience to feel as they are involved and interacting more with the film. Despite this being included in the cinema 

experience I have a 3D TV at home which takes away my need to go to the 

cinema for this aspect. But I would strongly recommend people who do not have 

the access to to a 3D TV to go to the cinema and see a film in 3D. Also I can view films in many ways in the environment and comfort of my home. I have several 

TV's linked with a Sky box which allows me with access to Sky Box Office, 

providing me with thousands of the latest films which I can buy or rent and watch as many times I wish by a specific date. However, this sometimes is not as 

successful as people may not wish to view a film several times. Also there is many films on demand which I can watch for free. I use this access very 

frequently, almost everyday as it provides a wide range of films to watch from 

countless genres, satisfying my needs for a variety of films to watch.

   

     Internet availability now comes in abundance for a much wider audience. 

Many people would posses many devices in their household which allows them to watch films on the internet. This could include vices such as computers, phones, iPads, Kindles etc. which provide service to buy/rent films or eve watch/download movies on unlicensed sites for free. These are usually referred to illegal 

downloads. The increase in internet access around the world can account for 

more successful advertising being produced by marketing companies. They have 

various methods to increase/raise the awareness and target an audience for their film. One method can be producing trailers to watch on the internet and sites such as YouTube. Allowing the audience to have an insight to the film. Adverts have 

also managed to creep into social networking which furthers the distribution 

company's success. Also the number of TV's per household has increased, 

distribution companies have a larger opportunity to present their films to a 

worldwide audience by displaying trailers during breaks/ adverts between 

programmes. Providing publicity which reaches more institutions.

     Production companies also target specific audiences and create a film which 

can relate and suit their targeted audience best. This can result in better feedback as the audience will generally enjoy the film. As films are created accordingly to 

their targeted audience, more viewers of that institution will either watch the film at the cinema or in any of the other ways above. For example, when a new horror 

film gets released I usually attend the cinema with my girlfriend and watch it. 

Simply because I know vaguely what the film will consist of and I have a rough 

idea that I will enjoy it. This is due to most production companies in the horror 

industry will target certain people in my age bracket and specifically young 

couples.

     Sites such as Netflix and LoveFilm provide millions of viewers worldwide to 

watch the latest films for free as long as they have a membership and pay a fixed amount per month. The downside of these sites is the substantial waiting time 

between the film release and the moment it becomes available on the site. So 

from this perspective it is best to go to the cinema as it allows you to watch the 

latest films much sooner or even at their first screening. Companies such as 

these reduce the quantities of people visisting the cinema as they provide the 

same access but in the environment of a home or any environment where internet is available. Therefore, cinemas have acted upon this increase in popularity by 

introducing new ways to watch films from different perspectives. Such as 

introducing seats in the cinema which move and vibrate accordingly to the action on the screen, providing with much greater entertainment and engagement. This aspect can appeal to a larger audience as it allows them to view films in a new 

dimension. However, a downside of this would be that the prices of the tickets are higher than standard costs. 

     Different types of people watch specific genres of film for a variety of reasons. Some families like to attend the cinema to watch a film together as it is deemed as a treat. Younger audiences stereotypically chose to watch films that appeal to 

them such as horror and action films. This is because they satisfy their needs for entertainment and thrill. Thrill is specifically associated with teenagers.